Before 2023.1.0, the runtime customization file called 'engineParameters.xml' defined an "enableConnectionPoolForJdbcDatabases" by default to "false".
Therefore, the default behaviour for runtime connections to  JDBC databases is NON-pooling.

Starting from 2023.1.0, there is no more "enableConnectionPoolForJdbcDatabases" parameter in the 'engineParameters.xml' runtime file (see https://www.semarchy.com/doc/semarchy-xdi/xdi/2023.1/Install/release-notes/2023.1.html#_semarchy_xdi_runtime_jdbc_connections)

The pooling behaviour is supposed to be set from metadata, and pooling is enabled by default.

As a consequence, upgrading to 2023.1, if you didn't use connection pooling in your previous version, then you may encounter connection error such as

"HikariPool-3 - Connection is not available, request timed out after 100005ms."

In this case, try to uncheck the 'Enable Connection Pooling' property on your metadata, and try to re-publish and re-test your process or mapping